REZUMAT
Introducere: Amniocenteza este o procedura uzuala de diagnostic prenatal invaziv, pentru a obtine cariotipul fetal. Sindromul Down este cea mai frecventa aneuploidie, cu importanta prin mortalitate si morbiditate. Material si metode: Am efectuat un studiu retrospectiv asupra complicatiilor materne si fetale pe un lot de 232 de amniocenteze genetice din perioada 14.06.2002-16.02.2009. De obicei acest procedeu este efectuat la varsta gestationala de 16-20 SA. In studiul nostru, ca si in alte studii, cea mai frecventa indicatie de amniocenteza a fost reprezentata de varsta materna ≥ 35 ani (90 de paciente din totalul de 232; 38.79%). Complicatiile amniocentezei sunt rare (0.5-2%). Rezultate: Am semnalat aceleasi complicatii in cadrul grupului nostru comparativ cu datele din literatura. Am avut un singur caz de avort spontan in cadrul lotului nostru, la o gravida de 17 SA + 6 zile, la 60 de ore dupa amniocenteza (0,43%). In 2 cazuri nu am obtinut rezultate pozitive pentru culturile celulare (culturi negative: 0,86%). In 4 cazuri (1,72%) nu am putut aspira lichid amniotic (“punctie uscata”). Am inregistrat 6 cazuri de hemoragie intraamniotica activa – 2,58% si in toate situatiile acul a strabatut placenta. Concluzii: Consideram ca amniocenteza genetica este o metoda sigura de diagnostic prenatal invaziv, atat pentru mama, cat si pentru fat.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Amniocentesis is a common procedure of prenatal invasive diagnosis used to assess fetal karyotype. Down syndrome is the most frequent chromosomal disease, due to its morbidity and mortality. Material and methods: We have performed a retrospective study of fetal and maternal complications that we have met after reviewing a number of 232 of genetic amniocentesis, during the period 14.06.2002-16.02.2009. Usually this procedure is performed between 16-20 WG. In our study, as in other studies, the most frequent indication was maternal age ≥ 35 years (90 patients from the total number of 232; 38.79%). The complications of amniocentesis are rare (0.5-2%). Results: We have registered the same complications in our group as compared to data from literature. The only case of spontaneous abortion (0.43%) in our group was in a patient: 17 WG + 6 days, at 60 hours after the procedure. We had negative cell cultures in 2 cases (0.86%). In 4 cases (1.72%) we could not aspirate amniotic fluid (“dry punction”). We registered in 6 cases – 2.58%, an active intraamniotic hemorrhage and in all situations the needle has passed the placenta. Conclusions: We consider that amniocentesis is a safe method of prenatal diagnosis, for the mother and also for the fetus.